Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Module Name- International Business Law - 2023 Words

Name- Paras Gupta Module Name- International Business Law (LWO2999) Module Teacher- Mrs. Lilian Miles Student Number- M00432962 Word Count- 2021 words Introduction In the day to day activities of the business, Parties often face some problems in terms of transactions. Sometimes these transactions are violated because of offenses committed by one of the parties. However a contract is formed in order to solve these issues. Contract The word ‘Contract’ in simple words can be explained as an agreement made between two or more parties which tends to be legally binding. Contracts are further classified into three types: a) Verbal contracts/Oral contracts b) Written contracts c) Special contracts or contracts made by deeds In order to†¦show more content†¦Agreement itself is formed when there is: Offer Acceptance Offer An offer is the first and foremost element of a contract, proposed by the Offeror. It is an expression of willingness to form a contract on certain conditions/terms, formed with a purpose that it shall become a binding once accepted by the person to whom it is addressed i.e. Offeree. The procedure of offer and acceptance might take in three different ways: a) Unilateral contract: offer of an act for a promise b) Unilateral contract: offer of a promise for an act c) Bilateral contract: offer of a promise for an act An offer is a different term from invitation to treat, which means that the party merely inviting the others to join the offer, which later on he is free to accept or reject. Acceptance An acceptance is the final stage of an agreement where the offer proposed is accepted by the offeree in order to bind themselves in the contract which has legal standing. Rules of acceptance In order to form a valid binding contract the acceptance done by the offeree must match the exact offer. But, if the offeree wants to add any new term in the offer or if it is different from the term offer, then the offeree can in his reply cannot make the acceptance and is called counter offer. Once counter offer is made the main offeror is free to

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Elie Wiesel as a Survivor of the Holocaust - 2000 Words

Six million perished in the flames, mass shootings and gas chambers of concentration camps during the Holocaust. This started when the Nazi party established a â€Å"Final Solution† that sought out to eradicate the inferior Jewish race from Germany and the world (â€Å"Holocaust†). A person cannot look at this event and see nothing except for the dark, evil side of human nature. However, if a person looks at the Holocaust from a survivor’s point of view, they can see the good side of human nature, especially if someone looks at it from Elie Wiesel’s perspective. Elie Wiesel and his family were Romanian Jews who were, unfortunately, swept into the Holocaust’s horrors. Elie managed to escape the Holocaust using tools of survival, including love for†¦show more content†¦When someone takes another’s hair, clothing or anything else that makes them unique, that person takes away their identity and, therefore, their humanity. This is even m ore so when the deceased are not given proper burials and their remains combined and recycled as gardening materials and money for the Nazis. Everything that made these people human was stripped, cut and burned from them. The dark side of human nature comes out in situations like the Holocaust when people struggle with the obstacles that life throws at them. They naturally push all of their woes towards others to attempt to justify their issues and make them feel like they have control over their lives. On the other hand, these people do not always succeed in completely dictating others’ lives. Survivors like Elie Wiesel prove that the good side of human nature can arise even during times as malevolent as the Holocaust. Elie used certain tools of survival, such as love for family. This is seen when Elie and his father are on the train to a concentration camp, and the dead are periodically thrown off the train. At one stop, Elie’s father appeared to be a corpse. Elie sc reamed at the men who tried to throw his father out of the train. Elie hit him several times to try and wake his father up, and his father eventually woke up (Wiesel 98-99). This action shows the survivor quality of love for family because Elie depends on his father’s companionship and his father depends on Elie to survive. TheyShow MoreRelatedElie Wiesel : The Survivor Of The Holocaust2445 Words   |  10 Pagesloss of a loved one. However, some experiences are more devastating than others. Each survivor has his/her way of coping with the trauma and maintaining sanity. Elie Wiesel, one the survivors of the Holocaust, gives us some insight into dealing with extremely difficult experiences. He spent a year imprisoned in the Auschwitz and Buchenwald concentration camps, the same camps where he lost all his family members (Wiesel 15). After his liberation, he moved to France where he learned French and studiedRead More Elie Wiesel Holocaust Survivor Essay2497 Words   |  10 PagesElie Wiesel Holocaust Survivor As war broke out in Europe during 1939, no one could either imagine or believe the terror that Adolf Hitler would soon bring to the lives of Jewish people. Drawing from his paranoia and a drive for a world Nazi power, Hitler singled out the Jews as the cause for problems in Germany and began to carry out his plan for the destruction of a part of humanity. Hitler not only persecuted the Jews of Germany, but he also targeted the Jews in Poland and other parts ofRead MoreElie Wiesel: A Holocaust Survivor723 Words   |  3 Pageslast victory by allowing his crimes to be erased from human memory† (Wiesel, Night viii). As a result of the horrors that Elie Wiesel experienced during the Holocaust, he devoted his life to become meaningful. Wiesel’s decent disposition changes through atrociously inhumane conduct toward Jews during the Holocaust as he becomes a brute to solidify identity, levy fears, and boost morale. Before his arrival in Auschwitz, Wiesel identified himself as a devout Jew training in his studies of KabbalahRead MoreWiesel s Experience Of Injustice During The Holocaust984 Words   |  4 Pagescommonly know as the Holocaust. The Holocaust began in 1933 when Adolf Hitler came to power in Germany (Rosenberg). Among the few hundred survivors was Elie Wiesel. Wiesel was only fifteen years old when him and his family were deported to a concentration camp. His mother, father and younger sister were all killed within the camp, but Wiesel and his two older sisters were able to survive. After his traumatizing experience, Wiesel stood up for others who were being oppressed. Elie Wiesel fought injusticesRead MoreThe Destruction Of The Holocaust1203 Words   |  5 Pagespreventing it. Elie Wiesel’s fulfilled his purpose of showing the heinous crimes of the Holocaust through the change of characterization of Elie before, during and after the events of Wiesel s 1940 memoir-Night. T he Holocaust is remembered as a stain on history, where a massive genocide occurred. but we must also recognize the souls and personalities that were killed and burned. Wiesel trembling hands picked up these ashes, personifying their ebony remains into a young child-Elie. For every soulRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Night In Night By Elie Wiesel920 Words   |  4 Pages This proves true for the survivors of the holocaust, they now have the power to stop things like this from happening ever again. For Elie Wiesel, this is especially true, after he survived he went on to write the book â€Å"Night†, this book has really helped people to understand what truly happened and to gain respect for the survivors; he also went on to win a number of awards, including the nobel peace prize. In the book â€Å"Night† by Elie Wiesel, our main character, Elie, changes through the traumatizingRead MoreThe Psychological Association Of Night By Elie Wiesel1285 Words   |  6 Pages2008). With this definition in mind, it no surprise that the Holocaust is one of the most traumatic events in history. Millions upon millions of people either lost their own lives, or watched the lives of their loved ones be taken right in front of their eyes. Many survivors so lemnly admit that the hardest deaths to watch were those of children. In fact, an estimated 1.5 million children were killed during the tragedy (United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 2016). However, one cannot help but wonderRead MoreNight By Elie Wiesel Analysis764 Words   |  4 Pages with my own eyes†¦ children thrown into the flames.† (Wiesel 32). The previous sentence is a quote from Elie Wiesel’s memoir, Night. Wiesel’s memoir is a first person account of a survivor of the Holocaust that occurred between 1933-1945. Over six million Jews were placed in concentration camps and murdered during this time period. Less than one percent of the Jews in the holocaust survived, but Elie Wiesel was one of the very few survivors. He lived on to tell his story of the pain and sufferingRead MoreElie Wiesel s The Holocaust1315 Words   |  6 PagesThe Holocaust appeared to be a time of darkness and it seemed like on Earth and in heaven, each doorway of humani ty, empathy, and kindness had been closed down. Those who did not encounter the Holocaust cannot begin to comprehend what it was like, however, those who did cannot begin to express it. Torture, genocide, and cruel acts started to fill brains and souls. The Holocaust was an event where millions of people were being murdered during World War II. The memoir, Night by Elie Wiesel is basedRead MoreEssay on Literary Insperation of the Holocaust1664 Words   |  7 PagesLiterary Insperation of the Holocaust Why do the survivors of such a tragic event such as the Holocaust want to remember those horrifying times by writing about memories that most people would only want to forget? I will show, Weisel has talked about, and as others have written, that the victims of the holocaust wrote about their experiences not only to preserve the history of the event, but so that those who were not involved and those who did survive can understand what really happened.

Saturday, December 14, 2019

Development of Classical States and Empires Free Essays

Differences of Africa’s civilizations: a. Small regions of Mediterranean culture in N. and S. We will write a custom essay sample on Development of Classical States and Empires or any similar topic only for you Order Now extremes, large deserts (Sahara, Kalahari), larger regions of savanna grasslands, tropical rain forest in continent’s center, highlands + mountains in E. Africa iii. One distinctive environmental feature: bisected by equator = most tropical of the world’s three supercontinents a. Persistent warm temp. = rapid decomposition ot vege table matter (humus) = poorer and less fertile soils and less productive agriculture than in more emperate Eurasia + spawned disease-carrying insects/parasites ‘v. Feature: proximity to Eurasia a. Allowed parts of Africa to interact w/Eurasian civilizations b. N. Africa incorporated into Roman Empire, produced wheat/olives w/slave labor, Christianity spread widely famous martyrs c. Saint Augustine: theologian d. Christian faith found more permanent foothold in present-day Ethiopia v. Arabia † another point of contact w/larger world v’. Domesticated camel = nomadic pastoral way of life; later, made trans-Saharan commerce possible (linked W. Africa 0 Med. Civilizations) vii. Over centuries, E. African coast = port of call for Egyptian, Roman, Arab merchants = became integral part of Indian Ocean trading networks viii. External connections + internal development of African societies generated patterns of change during classical era A. Geez: language used @court, in towns, for commerce; written in script derived from S. Arabia c. Measure of ctrl over mostly Agaw-speaking ppl of country thru loose administrative structure – tribute payments d. Romans P Axum † third major empire after own and Persian ‘v. Introduced to Christianity thru connections to Red Sea trade + Roman world (Egypt) v. King Ezana: monarch of fourth century (when Christianity was introduced), adopted Christianity (same time as Constantine in Roman) v’. Mounted campaign of imperial expansion across Red Sea 0 Yemen in S. Arabia vii. Decline: environmental changes (soil exhaustion, erosion, deforestation brought about intensive farming) viii. Rise of Islam 0 altered trade routes, diminished revenue available to Axumite state, emerged Christian church (present-day Ethiopia) ‘x. Meroe + Axum paralleled on smaller scale major features of classical civ. Of Eurasia: long-distance trading connections, urban centers, centralized states, complex societies, monumental architecture, written language, imperial ambitions, direct contact w/Med. civilizations II. Along the Niger River: Cities without States Urbanization in middle stretches of Niger R. in W. Africa Growing #s of ppl from S. Sahara into fertile floodplain of middle Niger in search of access to water w/domesticated cattle, sheep, goats, agricultural skills, ironworking tech. Ppl created distinctive city-based civilization Oenne-Jeno) No imperial system No centralized political structure â€Å"cities w/o citadels† Emerged as clusters of economically specialized settlements surrounding a larger central town Earliest + most prestigious specialized occupation = iron smithing Roderick McIntosh: archeologist, leading fgure in excavation of Jenne-Jero Villages of otton weavers, potters, leather workers, griots grew around cent. Towns Occupational castes (passed Jobs/skills to children, could only marry within own group) Farmers tilled soil, raised animals, specialization in farming – fishing, rice cultivation Growing network of indigenous W. African commerce Middle Niger flood-plain supported rich agriculture and had clay for pottery, lacked stone, iron, ore, salt, fuel Ghana, Mali, Songhai – W. Africa Ill. South of the Equator: The World of Bantu Africa i. Most significant development involved accelerating movement of Bantu-speaking ppls into enormous subcontinent i’. Bean from homeland region (present-day SE. Nigeria + Cameroons) iii. Bantu expansion – slow movement of peoples brought to Africa south of equator measure of cultural and linguistic commonality, marking it as a distinct region of the continent A. Cultural Encounters ‘v. Advantages: a. as agriculture generated more productive economy 0 larger #s to live in smaller area b. Farmers brought both parasitic and infectious diseases (to which foraging people had little immunity) c. Iron, tools/weapons v. Kalahari regions of SW. Africa and few places in E. Africa, gathering and hunting urvived (such as San) vi. In rain forest region of Central Africa, foraging Batwa (Pygmy) = â€Å"forest specialists† 0 honey, wild game, elephant products, animal skins, medicinal barks and plants vii. Adopted Bantu languages viii. In drier env How to cite Development of Classical States and Empires, Papers

Friday, December 6, 2019

International market selection with the world’s cheapest car free essay sample

The majority of growth in the global automobile indus- try in the coming decade will come from emerging economies such as India, China and Eastern Europe, and the largest contribution to growth of auto markets in these countries will be the fast-growing small car segment. The increasing disposable income of the middle-class population is the key driver of small car markets in developing nations. However, in developed regions like the US and western Europe, stringent environmental standards are increasing the need for more fuel-efficient cars. Tata Motors Indian conglomerate Tata Group (www. tata. com) employs nearly 300,000 people in 85 countries and is India’s largest conglomerate company, with revenues in 2006–07 equivalent to US$28 billion (equal to 3. 2 per cent of India’s GDP), and a market capitalization of US$73 billion at the end of 2007. The Tata Group comprises 98 companies in seven business sectors. One of the companies in the Tata Group is Tata Motors. Tata Motors is gearing up for the global market as one of India’s largest automobile makers, manufacturers of buses, commercial trucks and tractor-trailers, passenger cars (Indica, Indigo, Safari, Sumo and the ultra-cheap Nano), light commercial vehicles and utility vehicles. The company sells its cars primarily in India, but about 20 per cent of sales comes from other Asian countries and Africa, Aus- tralia, Europe, the Middle East and South America. In 2008 Tata Motors bought the Jaguar and Land Rover brands from Ford for about US$2. 3 billion. Tata Motors has a workforce of 22,000 employees working in its three plants and other regional offices across the country. Tata Motors has a lower than 20 per cent share of the Indian passenger car market and has recently been suffering a sales slump. In 2007 the company produced 237,343 cars and more than 300,000 buses and trucks. Outside India Tata Motor is selling only a few cars so their international marketing expe- rience is weak. They do, however, have some distinct advantages in comparison to other multinational company competitors. There is definite cost advantage as labour cost is 8–9 per cent of sales against 30– 35 per cent in developed economies. Tata Motors have extensive backward and forward linkages and it is strongly interwoven with machine tools and metals sectors from other parts of the Tata Group. There are favourable government polices and regulations to boost the auto industry including incentives for RD. The acquisitions of Jaguar and Land Rover created financial pressure for Tata Motors, with the company stating that it wanted to spend some US$1. 5 billion over the next four years to expand the facilities manufacturing the luxury brands. In addition to giving Tata a globally recognizable product, the Land Rover and Jaguar deal also gives them an entry into the US. Through a deal with Fiat, Tata is already distributing the Italian cars in India and may expand the offering into South America, a Fiat stronghold. CHAPTER 8 THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET SELECTION PROCESS 287 The alternative for Tata Nano  © david pearson/Alamy. Development of Tata Nano In 2008 Tata unveiled the Nano, the cheapest car in the world, at the Auto Expo in New Delhi. The car seats up to five people, gets up to 55 miles to the gallon, and sells for about US$2,230. At first the Nano will be sold only in India, but Tata hopes to export them after a few initial years of production; the Nano might be exported to Europe as early as 2012. First shipments to Indian customers are expected in mid-2009. Tata Nano started with the vision of Ratan Tata, chairman of Tata Motors’ parent, Tata Group, to create an ultra low-cost car for a new category of Indian consumer: someone who couldn’t afford the US$5,000 sticker price of what was then adding a margin. Rather it set US$2,500 as the price that it thought customers could pay and then worked back, with the help of partners willing to take on a challenge, to build a US$2,500 car that would reward all involved with a small profit. The Nano engineers and partners didn’t simply strip features out of an existing car – the tack Renault took with its Dacia Logan, which sells in India for roughly US$10,000. Instead, they looked at their target customers’ lives for cost-cutting ideas. So, for instance, the Nano has a smaller engine than other cars because more horsepower would be wasted in India’s jam-packed cities, where the average speed is 10 to 20 miles per hour. The Nano aims to bring the joys of motoring to millions of Indians, doing for the subcontinent what the Volkswagen Beetle did for Germany and the Mini for Britain. But the plan has horrified environ- mentalists who fear that the demand from India’s aspirational and increasingly middle-class population – now numbering 50 million in a country with a total 1. 1 billion people – for more cars will add to pollution and global warming. The global automotive industry and the current crises In 2007, a total of 71. 9 million new automobiles were sold worldwide: 22. 9 million in Europe, 21. 4 million in Asia-Pacific, 19. 4 million in USA and Canada, 4. 4 million in Latin America, 2. 4 million in the Middle East and 1. 4 million in Africa. The markets in North America and Japan were stagnant, while those in South America and Asia grew strongly. Of the major then the cheapest car on the market and instead drove his family around on a US$1,000 motorcycle. Many drivers in India can only afford motorcycles and it is fairly common to see an Indian family of four using a motorcycle to get around (see Photo 1). In India alone there are 50 to 100 million people caught in that auto- motive chasm. Until now none of the Indian automakers have focused on that segment, and in this respect the Nano is a great example of the blue ocean strategy. The customer was ever-present in the development of the Nano. Tata didn’t set the price of the Nano by calculating the cost of production and Tata Nano